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Peripheral neuropathy after multiple tetanus toxoid injections.

L Reinstein, J M Pargament, J S Goodman

    Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
    |July 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Peripheral neuropathy can occur after tetanus toxoid injections, particularly with multiple doses. A longer delay between injection and symptom onset may indicate a poorer prognosis for recovery.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Tetanus toxoid injections are crucial for preventing tetanus, a serious bacterial infection.
    • Adverse neurological events following vaccination are rare but important to document.

    Observation:

    • A 33-year-old male developed severe mixed sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy after two tetanus toxoid injections over five months.
    • Nerve conduction studies and electromyography over two years indicated both demyelinating and axonal damage.

    Findings:

    • This is the 14th reported case of peripheral neuropathy post-tetanus toxoid injection.
    • The majority of reported cases (85%) involved multiple vaccine administrations.
    • A delay of 14 days or more between injection and neurological symptom onset correlated with incomplete recovery.

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    Implications:

    • Physicians should be aware of the potential for peripheral neuropathy following tetanus toxoid vaccination.
    • Multiple injections and prolonged symptom onset intervals may be risk factors for more severe outcomes.
    • Further research into the immunopathogenesis of vaccine-associated neuropathy is warranted.