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Acute encephalitis of viral origin.

M L Koskiniemi, A Vaheri

    Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is now the leading cause of acute encephalitis in Finland, affecting all ages. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment, especially in pregnant individuals.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Virology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Acute encephalitis poses a significant neurological challenge.
    • Identifying the etiological agent is critical for patient management and prognosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the etiological agents of acute encephalitis in a Finnish cohort.
    • To determine trends in causative agents and factors influencing outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 75 patients diagnosed with acute encephalitis.
    • Identification of viral and virus-like etiological agents through laboratory diagnostics.

    Main Results:

    • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) was the predominant etiological agent (13.3-32.0%), surpassing tick-borne encephalitis virus.
    • Mumps, coxsackievirus B, varicella-zoster, and adenoviruses were also identified.
    • Pregnancy was associated with increased susceptibility to HSV encephalitis.
    • Outcomes were linked to the etiological agent (HSV and nonviral microbes unfavorable) and clinical presentation (altered consciousness, mental symptoms, focal neurological signs).

    Conclusions:

    • HSV has emerged as the primary cause of acute encephalitis in Finland.
    • Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for initiating specific therapies and improving patient outcomes.

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