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Hepatitis virus vaccines: present status.

S Krugman

    The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
    |May 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Significant advancements in hepatitis A and B vaccines are detailed. Experimental hepatitis A vaccines show promise in animal models, with human trials starting soon. An inactivated hepatitis B vaccine is now available for high-risk individuals.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology
    • Vaccinology

    Background:

    • Extraordinary progress has been made in developing vaccines for hepatitis A and B over the past decade.
    • Hepatitis A virus (HAV) propagation in cell culture enabled the creation of experimental live attenuated vaccines.
    • An inactivated hepatitis B vaccine was licensed in the US in November 1981.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the progress in the development of vaccines for hepatitis A and B.
    • To highlight the status of experimental hepatitis A vaccines and upcoming human trials.
    • To inform about the availability and recommendations for the newly licensed inactivated hepatitis B vaccine.

    Main Methods:

    • Propagation of hepatitis A virus in cell culture.
    • Preparation and testing of experimental live attenuated hepatitis A vaccines in animal models (marmosets, chimpanzees).

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  • Clinical evaluation of inactivated hepatitis B vaccine safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy.

    • Main Results:

    • Experimental live attenuated hepatitis A vaccines induced antibodies and protected marmosets against HAV challenge.
    • Human immunization trials for hepatitis A vaccines are scheduled to commence in mid-1982.
    • The inactivated hepatitis B vaccine demonstrated safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness.

    Conclusions:

    • Experimental hepatitis A vaccines are progressing towards human trials.
    • The inactivated hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for individuals at increased risk of infection.
    • Future hepatitis B vaccines may utilize recombinant DNA technology or chemical synthesis.