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[Peritonitis encapsulans]
Abstract:
Encapsulating peritonitis is characterized by the formation of a membrane which encases all or part of the abdominal viscera. It is a fibrous perivisceritis. It may answer to many different causes. Tuberculosis, though often considered, is only infrequently ascertained. Other etiologies are: trauma, colitis, jejuno-ileitis, appendicitis, etc. The clinical presentation is a subocclusive syndrome with, in some instances, a fixed abdominal mass giving a paradoxically resonant percussion note. Roentgenograms show gastroduodenal displacement, signs of stenosis, and agglutinated small bowel loops. The best procedure is excision of the membrane with complete decortication. Subsequently, the main risk is recurrence of bowel obstruction.
Insights
Encapsulating peritonitis involves a fibrous membrane encasing abdominal organs, often caused by various conditions like trauma or infections. Surgical membrane excision is the primary treatment, though bowel obstruction recurrence remains a risk.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Encapsulating peritonitis, a rare condition, involves a fibrous membrane encasing abdominal viscera.
- It presents as fibrous perivisceritis with diverse potential etiologies.
Observation:
- Clinical presentation includes subocclusive syndrome and a palpable abdominal mass.
- Radiographic findings reveal gastroduodenal displacement, stenosis, and small bowel loop agglutination.
Findings:
- Tuberculosis is an infrequent cause, with trauma, colitis, jejuno-ileitis, and appendicitis being more common.
- Surgical excision of the encapsulating membrane with complete decortication is the recommended treatment.
Implications:
- Complete decortication aims to resolve the obstruction caused by the peritoneal membrane.
- Post-operative risk includes the potential recurrence of bowel obstruction.