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Related Concept Videos

Neuron Structure01:30

Neuron Structure

Neurons are the main type of cell in the nervous system that generate and transmit electrochemical signals. They primarily communicate with each other using neurotransmitters at specific junctions called synapses. Neurons come in many shapes that often relate to their function, but most share three main structures: an axon and dendrites that extend out from a cell body.
Structure and Function of Neurons
The neuronal cell body—the soma— houses the nucleus and organelles vital to cellular...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...

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Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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Same author

[Ultrastructural changes in the cerebral cortex of an 100 1/2-year-old man].

Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii·1990
Same author

[Hypo- and hyperdiagnosis of senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease in psychiatric practice].

Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952)·1987
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[Ultrastructure of epileptic foci in temporal epilepsy].

Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952)·1985
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[Muli-infarct dementia].

Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952)·1985
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[Special forms of ultrastructural changes in dendrites and axons in the human and cat brain].

Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii·1984
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The morphological basis of age-induced memory changes.

Neuroscience and behavioral physiology·1984

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology
14:57

Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology

Published on: March 23, 2011

[Age-related changes in interneuronal synapses in human cerebral cortex].

A S Iontov, V F Shefer

    Arkhiv Anatomii, Gistologii I Embriologii
    |February 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Aging brains show neuronal damage. Dendrites and axons undergo degenerative changes, leading to lost synaptic connections and impaired interneuronal communication in the cerebral cortex.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cell Biology
    • Gerontology

    Context:

    • Investigates age-related changes in the human cerebral cortex.
    • Examines the ultrastructure of neurons in elderly individuals without neurological disorders.

    Purpose:

    • To analyze the structural alterations in dendrites, axons, and axonal terminals in the aging brain.
    • To differentiate between reversible and irreversible axonal changes.
    • To understand the mechanisms of interneuronal connection disturbances.

    Summary:

    • Study reveals degenerative changes in dendrites and axonal terminals in the cerebral cortex of individuals aged 75-83.
    • Identified two types of axonal alterations: reversible functional changes and irreversible structural degeneration.
    • Neuronal death is proposed as the primary cause of disrupted cortical interneuronal connections.

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    A Comparative Approach for Quantitative Cell Counting Studies in Widely Different Mammalian Brains

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

    Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology
    14:57

    Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology

    Published on: March 23, 2011

    Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices
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    Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices

    Published on: October 6, 2017

    A Comparative Approach for Quantitative Cell Counting Studies in Widely Different Mammalian Brains
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    A Comparative Approach for Quantitative Cell Counting Studies in Widely Different Mammalian Brains

    Published on: January 16, 2026

    Impact:

    • Provides insights into the cellular basis of cognitive decline associated with aging.
    • Highlights the vulnerability of synaptic structures to age-related neurodegeneration.
    • Contributes to understanding the progression of neurological changes in the elderly.