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The gustatory system in mammals.

R Norgren

    American Journal of Otolaryngology
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Mammalian taste buds exhibit varied chemical sensitivity across populations and species. Gustatory information travels via cranial nerves VII, IX, and X to the brainstem, with central neurons showing broad but ordered tuning.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Sensory Biology
    • Gustation Research

    Background:

    • Taste buds are organized into five mammalian oral cavity populations with species-specific chemical sensitivities.
    • Taste bud regeneration occurs following nerve reinnervation, highlighting the neuro-anatomical basis of taste.
    • Gustatory information is transmitted by cranial nerves VII, IX, and X to the nucleus of the solitary tract in the medulla.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the response properties and tuning characteristics of gustatory afferent fibers and central taste neurons.
    • To elucidate the organization and anatomical differences of the gustatory system in the forebrain across species.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of gustatory afferent fiber responses to various sapid chemicals.
    • Examination of taste neuron tuning and stimulus effectiveness order in central relays (medulla and pons).

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  • Comparative anatomical study of the gustatory system in rodents and primates.

    • Main Results:

    • Individual gustatory afferent fibers are broadly tuned but exhibit non-random stimulus effectiveness hierarchies.
    • Central taste neurons in the medulla and pons are broadly tuned, maintaining the orderliness of stimulus effectiveness observed peripherally.
    • Significant anatomical differences in forebrain gustatory system organization exist between rodents and primates.

    Conclusions:

    • The gustatory system demonstrates a consistent, ordered processing of chemical stimuli from the periphery to central relays.
    • Further research is needed to fully understand the forebrain gustatory system's anatomy and function, particularly given interspecies variations.