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Viruses isolated from Panamanian sloths.
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|November 1, 1983
Summary
Researchers identified seven virus strains in sloths in Panama, including new viruses and known ones like Changuinola virus. Sloths develop antibodies, indicating widespread natural infections, particularly in Choloepus species.
Area of Science:
- Arbovirology
- Virology
- Mammalian Virology
Background:
- Sloths are potential reservoirs for arboviruses.
- Limited research exists on viruses circulating in Panamanian sloth populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize novel and known arboviruses from wild sloths in Panama.
- To investigate the seroprevalence of these viruses in sloth populations.
Main Methods:
- Virus isolation from whole blood of wild-caught sloths (Bradypus variegatus and Choloepus hoffmanni) using Vero cells.
- Serological analysis including neutralization antibody tests on sequential plasma samples.
- Antigenic characterization of isolated virus strains.
Main Results:
- Seven virus strains were isolated, including strains related to Changuinola virus and Punta Toro virus.
- Two novel viruses were identified: Bradypus-4 virus (antigenically ungrouped) and Utive virus (Simbu serogroup).
- Widespread neutralizing antibodies against Changuinola and Simbu serogroup viruses were detected in sloths, especially Choloepus, with minimal presence in other vertebrates.
Conclusions:
- Sloths harbor diverse arboviruses, with evidence of widespread natural infections and antibody development.
- Changuinola and Simbu serogroup viruses are endemic in Panamanian sloths.
- Sloths, particularly Choloepus, are significant hosts for these arboviruses, with limited spillover to other wildlife.