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Malaria and the nervous system
African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences
|September 1, 1983
Summary
Malaria causes significant neurological complications, particularly in non-immune individuals like children and pregnant women. Cerebral malaria and febrile convulsions are common, impacting tropical regions globally.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Tropical Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Neurological complications of malaria are a major global health concern, especially in tropical regions.
- These complications disproportionately affect non-immune populations, including children, pregnant women, and travelers.
- Protein-calorie malnutrition appears to offer some protection against severe neurological outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the neuropathology and pathogenesis of malaria-related neurological disorders.
- To outline the clinical presentations, treatment strategies, and mortality rates associated with these complications.
- To explore potential links between malaria and mental illnesses.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on neurological complications of malaria.
- Analysis of reported cases and epidemiological data.
- Synthesis of information on pathogenesis, clinical features, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Plasmodium falciparum infections in non-immune individuals are the primary cause of severe neurological complications.
- Febrile convulsions and cerebral malaria are the most frequent neurological manifestations.
- While rare, spinal cord disorders and polyneuropathy have been documented.
Conclusions:
- Neurological complications of malaria represent a significant cause of death and disability worldwide.
- Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the relationship between malaria and certain mental health conditions.