Immunocytochemical localization of testosterone in human hepatocellular carcinoma

A study of 10 hepatoma patients was carried out for the detection and localization of oestrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and their corresponding binding sites in liver tumour cells using immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent techniques on histopathological sections and cultured monolayers. None of the hepatomas was positive for progesterone and its receptor; one was positive for oestrogen and its receptor; five were positive for testosterone and its receptor. Oestrogen, testosterone and their respective receptors localized predominantly to the cytoplasm of hepatoma cells. The results obtained in this investigation reveal an association between testosterone and human liver cancer which may be useful in the selection and monitoring of liver cancer patients to future hormonal therapy.