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Nucleotide sequences within the cholera toxin operon.

M L Gennaro, P J Greenaway

    Nucleic Acids Research
    |June 25, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cholera toxin subunit gene sequences reveal overlapping genes and precursor synthesis. Regulation of subunit synthesis likely occurs at the translational level, with homology to E. coli toxins.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Cholera toxin is a key virulence factor produced by Vibrio cholerae.
    • Understanding the genetic basis of cholera toxin production is crucial for developing effective countermeasures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the nucleotide sequences of the A and B subunits of cholera toxin.
    • To elucidate the gene organization and expression regulation of cholera toxin subunits.

    Main Methods:

    • Nucleotide sequencing of genes encoding cholera toxin subunits.
    • Analysis of gene overlap and precursor processing.

    Main Results:

    • The nucleotide sequences for the N- and C-termini of the A subunit and the N-terminus of the B subunit were determined.

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  • Cholera toxin A and B subunit genes were found to overlap out of phase by one nucleotide.
  • Each subunit is synthesized as a precursor molecule, processed post-translationally.
  • Significant homology was observed between cholera toxin genes and heat-labile toxin genes of enteropathogenic E. coli.

    • Conclusions:

    • Cholera toxin subunit gene expression is likely regulated at the translational level.
    • The genetic organization and homology suggest evolutionary relationships between bacterial toxins.