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Human salivary eicosanoids: circadian variation.

B Rigas, L Levine

    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
    |August 30, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Human saliva contains prostaglandins and leukotrienes that follow a daily rhythm, peaking during sleep. This circadian rhythm in eicosanoids is sleep-dependent, with levels shifting when sleep patterns change.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Chronobiology
    • Human Physiology

    Background:

    • Eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, are signaling molecules involved in various physiological processes.
    • Circadian rhythms regulate numerous biological functions, but their influence on salivary eicosanoid levels is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and characteristics of circadian rhythms in salivary concentrations of specific eicosanoids in humans.
    • To determine the relationship between sleep-wake cycles and the observed rhythms of these compounds.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of prostaglandin E2, PGF2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (a marker for PGI2), immunoreactive hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, and immunoreactive 6-sulfidopeptide leukotrienes in human mixed saliva.
    • Analysis of diurnal variations under normal sleep-wake conditions and assessment of rhythm shifts with altered sleep-wake cycles.

    Main Results:

    • A significant circadian rhythm was observed for all measured eicosanoids in human saliva.
    • Salivary levels of these compounds exhibited a single peak during sleep, typically around 5:00 AM, with varying amplitudes for each substance.
    • The observed rhythm was dependent on sleep, as evidenced by a phase shift when sleep-wake cycles were displaced.

    Conclusions:

    • Human saliva harbors circadian rhythms in prostaglandins, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, and leukotrienes.
    • These rhythms are linked to the sleep-wake cycle, indicating a sleep-dependent regulation of salivary eicosanoid production or release.
    • Basal levels of these eicosanoids are maintained even in the absence of sleep, suggesting other regulatory mechanisms are also involved.

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