Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Prosthetic valve endocarditis: an overview.

J W Gnann, W E Dismukes

    Herz
    |December 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a serious complication after valve replacement, often caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis. Early diagnosis and management are crucial for improving survival rates in these complex cardiac infections.

    Related Concept Videos

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    Gnann JW et al (Clin Infect Dis 2015; 61:683-91). Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: Lack of Clinical Benefit of Long-term Valacyclovir Therapy.

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2015
    Same author

    Mosquito bites and eastern equine encephalitis.

    QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2013
    Same author

    Cryptococcal disease presenting as necrotizing cellulitis in transplant recipients.

    Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society·2009
    Same author

    Multicenter retrospective development and validation of a clinical prediction rule for nosocomial invasive candidiasis in the intensive care setting.

    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·2007
    Same author

    Invasive fungal infections in low-risk liver transplant recipients: a multi-center prospective observational study.

    American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons·2006
    Same author

    A vaccine to prevent herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults.

    The New England journal of medicine·2005
    Same journal

    [Heart and climate].

    Herz·2026
    Same journal

    Multidimensional psychosocial screening in routine cardiac care: preliminary findings from a cross-sectional survey.

    Herz·2026
    Same journal

    [Noise and the heart].

    Herz·2026
    Same journal

    [The cardiovascular exposome: areas of action for prevention and practical cardiology].

    Herz·2026
    Same journal

    Relationship between HAVOC score and new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction.

    Herz·2026
    Same journal

    Interventional treatment of atrioventricular valves.

    Herz·2026
    See all related articles

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Cardiac Surgery

    Background:

    • Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) affects approximately 2.5% of patients post-valve replacement.
    • PVE presents as early (within 60 days) or late (after 2 months) onset, with late PVE being more common.
    • Common causative agents include Staphylococcus epidermidis, viridans streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and gram-negative bacilli.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize the incidence, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic methods, and outcomes of prosthetic valve endocarditis.
    • To highlight the differences in presentation and complications between mechanical valves and porcine heterografts.
    • To review the mortality rates associated with PVE and identify factors influencing survival.

    Main Methods:

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Literature review of prosthetic valve endocarditis.
  • Analysis of clinical features, diagnostic modalities (echocardiography, cinefluoroscopy, cardiac catheterization), and microbiological data.
  • Review of patient outcomes, including morbidity and mortality rates based on timing of onset and causative organisms.

    • Main Results:

    • Fever, new/changing heart murmurs, leukocytosis, anemia, and hematuria are key clinical signs.
    • Echocardiography and other imaging techniques aid in detecting vegetations and dehiscence.
    • Mortality rates for PVE are high (53.8% overall), with early PVE having higher mortality (73.6%) than late PVE (43%).

    Conclusions:

    • Prosthetic valve endocarditis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in cardiac surgery patients.
    • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management, including antimicrobial therapy and surgical intervention when indicated, are essential.
    • Survival rates for PVE appear to be improving, though infections caused by fungi and Staphylococcus aureus carry the highest mortality risk.