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Urinary incontinence in the elderly: a review.
Summary
Urinary incontinence affects 20% of Canadian seniors, costing millions annually. Understanding the physiology of micturition and pathophysiology of incontinence is key for effective management strategies in the elderly.
Area of Science:
- Geriatric Medicine
- Urology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Urinary incontinence impacts 20% of Canada's aging population, incurring significant costs for management.
- Institutionalization is often a consequence of the inability to cope with incontinence.
- Historically, geriatric urinary incontinence has received limited medical attention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the physiology and pathophysiology of micturition and urinary incontinence in the elderly.
- To establish a basis for appropriate management strategies for geriatric urinary incontinence.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on geriatric urinary incontinence.
- Analysis of the physiology and pathophysiology of micturition.
- Evaluation of diagnostic approaches for elderly patients with incontinence.
Main Results:
- Geriatric urinary incontinence is a prevalent issue with substantial economic and social impact.
- Understanding the underlying physiological and pathological mechanisms is crucial for effective treatment.
- Clinical history, neurologic and urologic examinations, and cystometry are effective evaluation tools.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of geriatric urinary incontinence relies on a thorough understanding of its physiological basis.
- A comprehensive evaluation, including clinical history and specific examinations, can adequately diagnose most cases.
- Improved attention to geriatric urinary incontinence is needed to enhance patient care and reduce institutionalization.