Recent developments in nosocomial infections and their control

Hospital epidemiology has advanced as a discipline largely because of contributions from government and certifying agencies, and from recognition that nosocomial infections are unique and require specialized attention. A modern infection control program should consist of surveillance, outbreak investigation, consultative services, education, and research activities. Guidance for program development may be obtained from an institution such as the Centers for Disease Control. This agency has provided standardized definitions as well as guidelines for care. An effective infection control program can improve the understanding and prevention of hospital-acquired infections.