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[Clinical and pharmacokinetic evaluation of ceftazidime in children]
Insights
Ceftazidime (CAZ) effectively treated pediatric bacterial infections, showing excellent or good results in most patients. Minimal side effects were observed, with only mild eosinophilia noted in some cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Antibiotic therapy
- Pharmacokinetics
Context:
- Bacterial infections are a significant concern in pediatric populations.
- Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity.
- Evaluating the efficacy and safety of antibiotics in children is crucial for treatment guidelines.
Purpose:
- To assess the clinical efficacy of ceftazidime in treating various bacterial infections in pediatric patients.
- To evaluate the safety profile and potential side effects of ceftazidime in children.
- To determine the pharmacokinetic properties, including serum concentrations and half-life, of ceftazidime in pediatric patients.
Summary:
- Forty-two pediatric patients received ceftazidime (45.6–120 mg/kg/day for 2–10 days) for bacterial infections.
- Excellent or good clinical outcomes were achieved in 34 out of 37 treated children.
- Adverse events were minimal, with 5 cases of eosinophilia but no significant clinical signs of intolerance.
Impact:
- Ceftazidime demonstrates favorable clinical efficacy and a good safety profile for treating pediatric bacterial infections.
- The study provides valuable pharmacokinetic data for ceftazidime in a pediatric population.
- Findings support the use of ceftazidime as a treatment option for pediatric bacterial infections, excluding patients with renal impairment.
Abstract:
Forty-two pediatric patients were treated with ceftazidime ( CAZ ) in the doses ranging from 45.6 to 120 mg/kg/day for 2 to 10 days, and the clinical efficacy and side effects were evaluated. Among the 37 children with bacterial infections including pneumonia, bronchitis, tonsillitis, croup, cervical lymphadenitis, abdominal abscess and urinary tract infections, the results were excellent in 22, good in 12, fair in 2, and poor in 1 patient with pneumonia. Out of the 42 patients, 5 cases showed eosinophilia, but no clinical sign such as rash, fever or diarrhea, attributable to CAZ was observed during the study. The serum concentrations of CAZ in 4 patients ranged from 60.8 to 71.0 micrograms/ml (mean 66.1 micrograms/ml) at 30 minutes and from 0.5 to 1.2 micrograms/ml (mean 0.8 micrograms/ml) at 8 hours after 20 mg/kg intravenous bolus injection of the antibiotic. The mean serum half-life was 1.42 hours (85 minutes). Patients with impairment of renal function were excluded from this study.