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Food allergy.

A C Ferguson

    Progress in Food & Nutrition Science
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Food allergy, affecting 1-3% of the population, involves immune system dysfunction. Differentiating true food allergies from other reactions and understanding antigen absorption are key to diagnosis and management.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Pediatrics

    Background:

    • Adverse clinical reactions to food, or food allergy, impact 1-3% of the population, ranging in severity.
    • These reactions must be distinguished from other causes like toxins, pharmacologic agents, enzyme deficiencies, or non-specific inflammatory responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To differentiate food allergies from other adverse food reactions.
    • To explore the role of enteric absorption of food antigens in immune response and tolerance.
    • To identify factors contributing to the higher incidence of food allergy in infants and children.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on food allergy pathophysiology and diagnosis.
    • Discussion of diagnostic methods including double-blind food challenges and skin tests.

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  • Analysis of factors influencing immune responses to food antigens.

    • Main Results:

    • Enteric absorption of food proteins can induce immune responses and tolerance, but quantitative changes may lead to allergy.
    • Factors like immunologic immaturity, enhanced mucosal transport, malnutrition, breastfeeding, and infection influence food allergy development.
    • Double-blind food challenges are definitive, while skin tests can be helpful with clinical correlation.

    Conclusions:

    • While advances have been made, the precise pathophysiological changes leading to food allergy symptoms remain unclear.
    • Further research is needed to fully understand the complex mechanisms underlying food allergy.
    • Distinguishing food allergy from other adverse food reactions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.