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Related Concept Videos

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors

The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte properties and...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing nebulizer...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)01:08

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI is an ionization technique, widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix...

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Direct Analysis of Single Cells by Mass Spectrometry at Atmospheric Pressure
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Direct Analysis of Single Cells by Mass Spectrometry at Atmospheric Pressure

Published on: September 5, 2010

Laser chemical analysis.

R N Zare

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |October 19, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Laser-based analytical methods, including multiphoton ionization and fluorescence analysis, show great promise for detecting single atoms and molecules. These techniques are advancing rapidly for both elemental and molecular species analysis.

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    Direct Analysis of Single Cells by Mass Spectrometry at Atmospheric Pressure
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    Area of Science:

    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Spectroscopy
    • Atomic and Molecular Physics

    Background:

    • Laser-based analytical techniques offer high sensitivity and specificity.
    • Traditional methods face limitations in detecting trace amounts of elements and molecules.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review selected applications of laser methods in analytical chemistry.
    • To highlight advancements in elemental and molecular species analysis using lasers.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of multiphoton ionization techniques.
    • Exploration of laser fluorescence analysis.
    • Discussion of interfacing laser fluorimetric detection with high-performance liquid chromatography.

    Main Results:

    • Laser techniques are most advanced for elemental analysis.
    • Molecular species analysis using lasers is highly promising.
    • Single-atom and single-molecule detection limits are attainable.

    Conclusions:

    • Laser-based analytical methods provide powerful tools for sensitive detection.
    • Future applications include advanced elemental and molecular analysis.
    • Interfacing with chromatography enhances molecular detection capabilities.