The vaginal contraceptive sponge: a new non-prescription barrier contraceptive

The Today vaginal contraceptive sponge is a non-prescription barrier contraceptive which, after rigorous testing, was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and marketed nationally. It is a cup-shaped white polyurethane sponge six cm in diameter and 1.5 cm thick, with a removal loop. The hydrophilic sponge is impregnated with spermicide. The user-inserted sponge can remain in place for multiple coital acts during a 24-hour period, and must remain in place for six hours after the last ejaculation for a maximum of 30 hours. It acts by spermicidal action, absorption of sperm and as a mechanical barrier. Effectiveness is comparable to other vaginal contraceptives: 84 percent use and 89-91 percent theoretical use effectiveness. The FDA determined that the sponge does not pose a greater risk of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) than tampon use. Concerns regarding carcinogens were refuted. Spermicide teratogenicity, while under continued study, has not been supported. Advantages include spontaneity, convenience and comfort. Disadvantages include removal and retention problems. Providers teaching women proper placement and removal of the sponge is encouraged. It is a viable barrier-method alternative.