Differential diagnosis of hypovolemic shock

The classic symptoms of hypovolemic shock have probably been recognized since prehistoric times. Clear, written descriptions did not emerge until the 19th century, and the syndrome implied impending, unpreventable death until the 20th century. We now have the tools for resuscitation of the large majority of patients in shock. When the shock syndrome is encountered in the field, away from the hospital and the emergency room, rapid transportation to these areas of more sophisticated diagnosis and treatment is indicated.