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An in vitro method for testing the sensitivities to drugs of human osteosarcomas grafted onto nude mice
Abstract:
Sensitivities to anticancer drugs were tested with cultured cells from six osteosarcomas transplanted onto nude mice and those of six human osteosarcomas cultured in vitro directly from the original tumor. The suppression by the anticancer drugs of 3H-TdR incorporation into the cultured cells was examined. The cells that had been grafted onto nude mice were highly sensitive to ADM and MMC and less sensitive to BLM and MTX in all of the tumors tested. Similar results were obtained with cells cultured directly in vitro from the original tumor. These results were somewhat comparable with those achieved by measuring cell survival and the success of back transplants onto nude mice after treatment with drugs. If further information on appropriate labeled precursors can be developed, testing the sensitivity of tumors to drugs by measuring the suppression of nucleic acid synthesis should prove useful in clinical applications.
Insights
Osteosarcoma cells grown in mice or in vitro showed similar sensitivities to anticancer drugs. Measuring nucleic acid synthesis suppression can predict drug effectiveness for osteosarcoma treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Osteosarcoma is a primary bone cancer with variable responses to chemotherapy.
- Predicting individual patient response to anticancer drugs is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to common anticancer drugs.
- To compare drug sensitivity in cells xenografted onto nude mice versus cells cultured directly in vitro.
- To assess the utility of measuring nucleic acid synthesis inhibition as a biomarker for drug sensitivity.
Main Methods:
- Cultured osteosarcoma cells from six human tumors were tested.
- Cells were either xenografted onto nude mice or cultured directly in vitro.
- Sensitivity was assessed by measuring the suppression of 3H-thymidine incorporation (3H-TdR) after drug exposure.
- Results were compared with cell survival assays and back-transplant success rates.
Main Results:
- Xenografted and in vitro cultured cells exhibited high sensitivity to Adriamycin (ADM) and Mitomycin C (MMC).
- Cells showed lower sensitivity to Bleomycin (BLM) and Methotrexate (MTX).
- Drug sensitivity patterns were consistent between the xenograft and in vitro models.
- Nucleic acid synthesis suppression correlated with cell survival data.
Conclusions:
- In vitro drug sensitivity testing of osteosarcoma cells mirrors responses observed in vivo.
- Measuring the suppression of nucleic acid synthesis is a promising method for predicting anticancer drug efficacy.
- This approach holds potential for guiding clinical treatment decisions in osteosarcoma.