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Related Experiment Videos

Normal pituitary gland: 2. Microscopic anatomy-CT correlation.

H M Roppolo, R E Latchaw

    AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Computed tomography (CT) imaging reveals pituitary microadenomas can appear heterogeneous. Microscopic analysis correlates CT density variations with tissue composition and vascularity in normal and abnormal pituitary glands.

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    Area of Science:

    • Radiology
    • Endocrinology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Pituitary microadenomas often lack significant mass effect and present with variable computed tomography (CT) appearances, including lucent, dense, or heterogeneous patterns.
    • Normal pituitary glands also exhibit nonhomogeneous CT appearances due to microscopic variations within the anterior and posterior lobes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To correlate computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of pituitary gland tissue with histological findings.
    • To investigate the relationship between CT density, tissue composition, cellular granularity, and vascularity in both normal and abnormal pituitary glands.

    Main Methods:

    • Coronal CT imaging of 13 autopsy pituitary gland specimens, followed by histological sectioning in similar planes.
    • Correlation of CT-lucent and CT-dense areas with corresponding microscopic features.
    • In vivo CT density measurements of normal contrast-enhanced pituitary anterior lobes compared with adjacent vascular structures in 26 patients.

    Main Results:

    • Increased anterior lobe CT density correlated with increased tissue compactness and cellular granularity, particularly in areas of compacted, granulated acidophilic cells.
    • Decreased anterior lobe CT density correlated with decreased tissue compactness and granularity, often seen in chromophobic or less granulated basophilic cell areas.
    • Posterior lobe CT-lucent areas corresponded to less compact and/or less vascular neurohypophyseal tissue. Anterior lobe contrast enhancement depended primarily on vascularity and tissue compactness.

    Conclusions:

    • CT imaging can reflect microscopic variations in pituitary gland tissue composition and vascularity.
    • Understanding these CT-CT correlations aids in the interpretation of pituitary gland imaging, distinguishing normal variations from potential pathologies like microadenomas.

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