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Selenium interactions with carcinogens.

P D Whanger

    Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
    |September 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Selenium, once viewed as toxic, is now essential and shows anticarcinogenic properties. It counteracts various chemical carcinogens, though dietary factors like fat can modify its protective effects against cancer.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutritional Science
    • Oncology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Selenium was historically considered toxic and carcinogenic.
    • Emerging evidence recognizes selenium as an essential element with anticarcinogenic properties.
    • Epidemiological studies suggest an inverse relationship between selenium intake and certain human cancers.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the anticarcinogenic properties of selenium.
    • To investigate selenium's interaction with chemical carcinogens across different organs.
    • To explore the influence of dietary factors on selenium's protective effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of epidemiological studies on selenium intake and cancer.
    • Analysis of experimental data on selenium's effect against chemically induced tumors in mice and rats.

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  • Examination of how dietary components, such as fats and antioxidants, modulate selenium's anticarcinogenic activity.

    • Main Results:

    • Selenium counteracts a wide range of chemical carcinogens targeting the skin, liver, mammary gland, and intestinal tract.
    • Selenium reduced spontaneous mammary tumor incidence in mice.
    • Dietary factors, particularly high unsaturated fats, can diminish the protective effects of selenium, although it still offers some reduction in tumor incidence.

    Conclusions:

    • Selenium is an essential element with significant anticarcinogenic potential.
    • Its efficacy can be modulated by dietary factors, highlighting the complexity of its role in cancer prevention.
    • The precise mechanisms by which selenium counteracts carcinogens require further investigation.