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Gonococcal attachment to eukaryotic cells.

J F James, C J Lammel, D L Draper

    Sexually Transmitted Diseases
    |October 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a bacterium causing gonorrhea, attaches more readily to human cells when it has pili and originates from opaque colonies. This attachment specifically targets host cell microvilli.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Cell Biology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a significant human pathogen responsible for gonorrhea.
    • Bacterial attachment to host cells is a critical step in initiating infection.
    • Understanding the factors influencing gonococcal adherence is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the attachment patterns of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to eukaryotic cells in vitro.
    • To compare the adherence of piliated versus nonpiliated gonococci.
    • To determine if colony opacity affects bacterial attachment.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized light and electron microscopy to visualize bacterial attachment.
    • Employed radiolabeling ([3H]- and [14C]adenine) to quantify bacterial adherence.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Studied isogenic strains of N. gonorrhoeae from opaque and transparent colonies.
  • Examined attachment to human-derived cell lines (Flow 2000, HeLa 229, HEp 2).

    • Main Results:

    • Neisseria gonorrhoeae attached to various human eukaryotic cell lines.
    • Piliated gonococci demonstrated significantly higher attachment rates compared to nonpiliated strains.
    • Bacteria originating from opaque colonies exhibited greater adherence than those from transparent colonies.
    • Scanning electron microscopy revealed specific attachment to host cell microvilli.
    • Observed day-to-day variations in the rate of bacterial attachment.

    Conclusions:

    • Colony opacity and the presence of pili are key factors influencing Neisseria gonorrhoeae attachment to host cells.
    • The attachment mechanism involves specific interactions with host cell microvilli.
    • Findings contribute to understanding the initial stages of gonococcal pathogenesis.