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Related Experiment Videos

Menstrual dysfunction in Norwegian top athletes.

P Oian, L B Augestad, K Molne

    Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
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    Female athletes experiencing secondary amenorrhea (delayed menstruation) show hormonal changes indicating hypothalamic suppression. This suggests intense training may disrupt reproductive health in elite sports.

    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Endocrinology
    • Reproductive Health

    Background:

    • Elite female athletes are susceptible to menstrual irregularities.
    • Secondary amenorrhea, defined as the absence of menstruation for over four months, affects a subset of these athletes.
    • Understanding the underlying physiological mechanisms is crucial for athlete well-being.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the hormonal profiles of Norwegian female top athletes experiencing secondary amenorrhea.
    • To identify potential endocrine disruptions associated with intense training and menstrual dysfunction in this population.

    Main Methods:

    • A questionnaire was administered to 301 Norwegian national team athletes regarding menstrual function.
    • 179 athletes without oral contraceptive use were analyzed.

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  • Hormonal analyses (FSH, estradiol, prolactin, androgens) were performed on blood samples from 18 athletes with secondary amenorrhea.

    • Main Results:

    • Athletes with secondary amenorrhea had a significantly later age at menarche (14.6 years) compared to controls (13.5 years).
    • Hormonal analysis revealed normoprolactinemic hypothalamic suppression, with low FSH, estradiol, and prolactin levels.
    • Elevated dihydrotestosterone and upper-normal testosterone levels, with lower-normal sex hormone-binding globulin, were observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Secondary amenorrhea in elite female athletes is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis suppression.
    • These hormonal changes suggest that intense training can lead to reproductive endocrine dysfunction.
    • Further research is needed to explore the long-term implications and management strategies for these athletes.