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Brucellosis in poultry--an experimental study.

S Kumar, R C Kulshrestha, K C Bhatia

    International Journal of Zoonoses
    |December 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Chickens show antibody responses and tissue changes when exposed to Brucella abortus, but the bacteria cannot be isolated, indicating birds resist infection and the organisms die within the host.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Avian Pathology

    Background:

    • Brucellosis is a significant zoonotic disease caused by Brucella species.
    • Understanding host-pathogen interactions in avian models is crucial for disease control.
    • Previous studies on avian brucellosis are limited.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the susceptibility of chickens to experimental Brucella abortus infection.
    • To characterize the immune and pathological responses in chickens following Brucella abortus challenge.
    • To determine the viability and shedding of Brucella abortus in infected chickens.

    Main Methods:

    • Chickens were experimentally infected with Brucella abortus.
    • Antibody responses were monitored using serological assays.

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  • Histopathological examinations were performed on various tissues (lung, liver, spleen).
  • Bacterial cultures were attempted from tissue samples and fecal matter.

    • Main Results:

    • Consistent antibody production was observed in infected chickens.
    • Significant histopathological alterations were noted in the tissues of challenged birds.
    • Despite serological and pathological evidence of infection, Brucella abortus was not successfully isolated from any sampled tissues or feces.
    • This suggests rapid clearance or death of the bacteria within the avian host.

    Conclusions:

    • Chickens mount an immune and inflammatory response to Brucella abortus.
    • The inability to isolate Brucella suggests chickens possess innate resistance mechanisms.
    • These findings indicate that chickens are a poor host for Brucella abortus survival in vivo.