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Environmental dermatitis: changing patterns.

J N Burry, J Kirk, J G Reid

    The Medical Journal of Australia
    |February 23, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Patch testing identified increased contact dermatitis from nickel, dyes, and formaldehyde. Legislation led to decreased dermatitis cases from antifungal agents and topical antihistamines.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Allergology
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Contact allergic dermatitis is a significant dermatological concern.
    • Previous patch test data from 1964-1972 provides a baseline for comparison.
    • The International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG) standardized patch testing protocols.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze trends in contact allergic dermatitis over two decades.
    • To compare patch test results from 1972-1978 with earlier data (1964-1972).
    • To evaluate the impact of standardized testing and legislation on dermatitis causes.

    Main Methods:

    • Detailed recording and comparison of patch test results from 2000 cases.
    • Analysis of dermatitis causes identified through patch testing.

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  • Correlation of observed changes in dermatitis prevalence with legislative changes.

    • Main Results:

    • Routine use of ICDRG-advised patch tests since 1974 increased detection of nickel, paraphenylene-diamine, formaldehyde, and perfume (balsam of Peru) allergies.
    • A decline in dermatitis cases linked to antifungal agents and topical antihistamines was observed following legislative bans.
    • The findings suggest that while standardized patch tests are valuable, they may be insufficient alone for identifying all allergens.

    Conclusions:

    • Standardized patch testing has improved the identification of common contact allergens.
    • Legislative measures can effectively reduce contact dermatitis caused by specific agents.
    • Further research may be needed to refine diagnostic approaches for contact allergic dermatitis.