A bipolar electrode for electromyography of limb muscles of small animals

A bipolar electrode for recording from or stimulating the skinned surface of small, moving muscles is described. The electrode is so light that it clings to the moist surface of the muscle and moves with it, like a piece of confetti. It can be positioned or repositioned instantly and with no damage to the muscle. Because of its small size and bipolar nature, it records from or stimulates a very small volume. It is inexpensive, simple, and requires no special apparatus for its consturction. The electrode is especially suited for muscles in the limbs of small animals, in which movement and small size present special problems.