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Effects of gallbladder function on human bile: compositional and structural changes.

R T Holzbach

    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
    |September 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    During fasting, the gallbladder concentrates bile, forming distinct lipid vesicles. This stratification may lead to overestimating cholesterol supersaturation in gallbladder bile.

    Area of Science:

    • Hepatobiliary physiology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Lipid metabolism

    Background:

    • The gallbladder concentrates bile through water and electrolyte absorption.
    • Prolonged fasting sequesters bile acids in the gallbladder, altering hepatic bile composition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the formation of lipid vesicles in hepatic bile during fasting.
    • To explain the gallbladder stratification phenomenon.
    • To assess the impact of lipid stratification on cholesterol supersaturation calculations.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of bile composition under fasting and non-fasting conditions.
    • Characterization of lipid particles (vesicles and micelles) in hepatic and gallbladder bile.
    • Modeling of lipid mixing and cholesterol transport.

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    Main Results:

    • Fasting promotes the formation of small, low-density lipid vesicles in hepatic bile.
    • These vesicles are more buoyant than concentrated micelles found in gallbladder bile.
    • This leads to stratification of lipid particles within the gallbladder due to inhomogeneous mixing.
    • The presence of stratified vesicles enhances overall cholesterol transport capacity.

    Conclusions:

    • Gallbladder bile stratification is likely due to the presence and inhomogeneous distribution of lipid vesicles.
    • Assuming homogeneous lipid mixing in gallbladder bile can overestimate cholesterol supersaturation.
    • This finding has implications for understanding cholesterol gallstone formation.