Broken wheel acuity test: a new and valid test for preschool and exceptional children

This study describes a new visual acuity test for preschool and exceptional children. It is independent of verbal responses, uses a forced-choice testing procedure, incorporates the psychometric design advantages of the Landolt ring, and can be administered at 3m (10 ft) in 5 to 7 minutes. The results support its construct validity in accurately measuring visual acuity levels and its clinical applicability for preschool and exceptional children.