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Oral contraception for the adolescent.

L B Tyrer

    The Journal of Reproductive Medicine
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The Pill is the preferred contraceptive for sexually active teenagers, offering significant health benefits and a lower mortality risk than childbirth. Careful screening and monitoring ensure safe and effective use for adolescents.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Health
    • Adolescent Medicine
    • Contraception

    Background:

    • Sexual activity and unintended pregnancies were high among unmarried women aged 15-19 in the 1970s.
    • Despite rising sexual activity, increased contraceptive use led to a decline in teenage pregnancy rates between 1973 and 1978.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral contraceptives (the Pill) as a primary contraceptive method for sexually active adolescents.
    • To highlight the health benefits and compare the risks of oral contraceptives versus childbirth for young women.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of contraceptive use data among women aged 15-19.
    • Comparison of mortality risks associated with oral contraceptive use versus pregnancy and childbirth in adolescents.
    • Review of noncontraceptive health benefits of oral contraceptives.
    Keywords:
    Adolescent PregnancyAdolescentsAdolescents, FemaleAge FactorsBehaviorContraceptionContraceptive AgentsContraceptive Agents, FemaleContraceptive Methods--beneficial effectsContraceptive Methods--side effectsContraceptive UsageDemographic FactorsDiseasesEconomic FactorsFamily PlanningFertilityMaternal MortalityMorbidityMortalityOral Contraceptives--beneficial effectsOral Contraceptives--side effectsPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPopulation DynamicsPregnancyPregnancy RatePregnancy, UnplannedReproductionReproductive BehaviorSocioeconomic FactorsYouth

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    Main Results:

    • The Pill was the most frequently used contraceptive method by women aged 15-19.
    • Oral contraceptives demonstrated a significantly lower mortality risk compared to childbirth for this age group.
    • Oral contraceptive use was associated with a 50% reduced risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, protecting future fertility.

    Conclusions:

    • Oral contraceptives are a safe and effective choice for sexually active adolescents, offering substantial health advantages over pregnancy.
    • Low-dose oral contraceptives are recommended to minimize side effects like breakthrough bleeding, improving adherence.
    • Adolescents require thorough screening and ongoing monitoring for optimal Pill use and compliance.