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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

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Functional deterioration of mouse liver ribosomes during aging: translational activity and activity for formation of
Abstract:
The translational activities of ribosomes from young and old mouse livers were examined in an assay system dependent on rabbit globin mRNA. Old ribosomes showed 30-40% lower activity than young ribosomes. This observation, together with our previous findings (N. Mori, D. Mizuno and S. Goto, Mech. Ageing Dev., 10 (1979) 379-398), suggests functional deterioration of ribosomes of old animals. To examine the mechanism of the deterioration, the activities for formation of the initiation complex of 40 S ribosomal subunits in the livers of young and old mice were examined in vitro. The activity was found to be 15-20% lower in old mice (21 months old or more) than in young ones. This fact partly explains the decreased activity for ribosomal protein synthesis in old mice.
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Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
The Nucleolus
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life