Physician knowledge and utilization of physical therapy procedures

The purpose of this study was to assess physician knowledge and utilization of physical therapy procedures. We sent a questionnaire to 600 physicians in three medical specialties (neurology, orthopedic surgery, and physical medicine and rehabilitation), in four geographic regions of the United States. The usable return was 41 percent. Overall knowledge, technical knowledge, and professional knowledge scores were compared by medical specialty, region of the country, years in practice, and three measures of utilization using analysis of variance, student's t, and chi-square statistics. Physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists and physicians in practice 10 years or more had the most knowledge of physical therapy procedures. Respondents preferred a prescriptive relationship when referring patients to physical therapists, and they most often selected "technical" procedures traditionally associated with the profession rather than "professional" procedures when referring patients to physical therapy. Those practicing medicine in their specialty 10 years or more were more conservative in their referral preferences than those in practice less than 10 years. The implications for educational intervention concerning the professional role of the physical therapist are briefly discussed.