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Related Experiment Videos

DNA antibodies with and without complement-binding ability.

A M Teppo, P Kurki, T Helve

    Rheumatology International
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), IgG DNA antibodies bind complement, while IgA or IgM antibodies do not. Rheumatoid factors can mask IgG antibodies, inhibiting complement activation in SLE patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Rheumatology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies, including anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies.
    • The ability of these antibodies to activate the complement system is crucial in disease pathogenesis.
    • Immunoglobulin (Ig) class and subclass, as well as the presence of other autoantibodies like rheumatoid factor (RF), may influence complement binding.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between immunoglobulin class of DNA antibodies and their complement-binding ability in SLE patients.
    • To explore the role of rheumatoid factors in modulating complement activation by DNA antibodies.

    Main Methods:

    • Indirect immunofluorescence using Crithidia luciliae (CL) as a substrate to detect CL-DNA antibodies in sera from 28 SLE patients.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Serological assays to determine immunoglobulin class (IgG, IgA, IgM) of DNA antibodies.
  • Assessment of complement-binding ability of DNA antibodies.
  • In vitro studies using purified IgM rheumatoid factors to assess their effect on IgG DNA antibody-mediated complement binding.

    • Main Results:

    • Of 28 SLE patients with CL-DNA antibodies, 15 had complement-binding antibodies, predominantly IgG (alone or with IgA/IgM).
    • The remaining 13 patients had non-complement-binding IgA or IgM DNA antibodies.
    • Patients with nephritis were less likely to have IgM-only CL-DNA antibodies compared to those without nephritis.
    • Purified IgM rheumatoid factors were shown to mask IgG DNA antibodies and inhibit complement binding.

    Conclusions:

    • Complement activation in SLE is associated with IgG-type anti-dsDNA antibodies.
    • IgA or IgM anti-dsDNA antibodies, and the presence of rheumatoid factor, may prevent complement activation.
    • These findings suggest distinct pathogenic roles for different antibody types and the influence of RF in SLE.