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Updated: May 12, 2026
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Platelet deposition on and calcification of bovine pericardial valve
Insights
Platelet deposition on bovine pericardial valves decreases over time, with higher initial deposition on the sewing ring than leaflets. Sodium hydroxyethylene diphosphonate reduced platelet accumulation but not calcium content.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Hematology
Background:
- Bovine pericardial valves are used in mitral valve replacement.
- Understanding platelet deposition is crucial for valve performance and longevity.
- Factors influencing platelet interaction with bioprosthetic materials require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify platelet deposition on implanted bovine pericardial mitral valves in vivo.
- To compare platelet deposition on different valve components (sewing ring vs. leaflets).
- To evaluate the effect of sodium hydroxyethylene diphosphonate on platelet and calcium deposition.
Main Methods:
- Autologous indium-111 labeled platelets were used to quantify deposition in dogs and calves.
- In vitro flow chamber studies assessed deposition on smooth versus rough pericardial surfaces.
- Calves received sodium hydroxyethylene diphosphonate to assess its impact on deposition.
Main Results:
- Platelet deposition was highest at 1 day post-implantation, decreasing by 14 and 30 days.
- Initial deposition was greater on the sewing ring, shifting to leaflets by 30 days.
- Platelet deposition was highest at the leaflet free edge; sodium hydroxyethylene diphosphonate reduced deposition but not calcification.
Conclusions:
- Platelet deposition on bovine pericardial mitral valves is time-dependent and influenced by surface characteristics.
- The distribution of platelet deposition changes from sewing ring to leaflets over time.
- Sodium hydroxyethylene diphosphonate may mitigate platelet deposition on these bioprosthetic valves.
Abstract:
Platelet deposition on bovine pericardial mitral valves was quantified in healthy adult mongrel dogs at 1, 14 and 30 days post-implantation and 24 h after i.v. injection of 400-500 microCi of autologous 111In-platelets. In vitro quantitation of platelet deposition on components of the prosthesis indicated maximal activity at one day with a successive decrease in activity at 14 and 30 days. At one day, platelet-associated radioactivity on the sewing ring was 3-4 times as great as on the leaflets, but at 14 and 30 days this had dropped to approximately half of the value on the leaflets. Calves underwent mitral valve replacement with a bovine pericardial valve. Thirty days post-operatively, 111Indium labeled labeled platelets were administered i.v.; 24 h later, calves were sacrificed and sections of each valve leaflet were analyzed for platelet and calcium deposition. Platelet deposition per mm2 of surface was greatest at the free edge of the leaflet, followed by the central zone and flexion point. Calves treated with sodium hydroxyethylene diphosphonate (5 mg kg-1 day-1 s.c.) had reduced platelet deposition but no reduced calcium content on the valves after 30 days compared with untreated calves. In flow chamber studies, platelet deposition from the heparinized blood of normal calves was significantly less on the smooth (inner) than on the rough (outer) surface of fixed bovine pericardium.
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