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Streptococcus faecium outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit.

P E Coudron, C G Mayhall, R R Facklam

    Journal of Clinical Microbiology
    |December 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    A hospital outbreak of bacteremia and meningitis in premature infants was linked to Streptococcus faecium. Rapid identification systems helped distinguish epidemic strains from environmental ones, highlighting the need for species-level identification.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Nosocomial outbreaks of bacteremia and meningitis pose significant risks to vulnerable premature infants in neonatal intensive care units.
    • Streptococcus faecium has emerged as a potential pathogen in neonatal infections, necessitating effective identification and control strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe a nosocomial outbreak of bacteremia and meningitis caused by Streptococcus faecium in a neonatal intensive care unit.
    • To investigate the transmission dynamics and identify the causative strain using advanced microbiological techniques.

    Main Methods:

    • Epidemiological investigation of seven cases in premature infants with severe underlying conditions.
    • Comparative analysis of bacterial isolates using conventional biotyping and rapid identification systems (API-20S, AutoMicrobic system).

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  • Environmental and personnel screening for Streptococcus faecium.

    • Main Results:

    • Conventional biotyping could not differentiate epidemic strains from environmental isolates.
    • Rapid identification systems successfully distinguished Streptococcus faecium isolates from infected patients and hospital personnel from those found in general surveys and the environment.
    • Transmission was suspected to occur via the hands of hospital personnel.

    Conclusions:

    • This is the first reported nosocomial neonatal outbreak of bacteremia and meningitis due to Streptococcus faecium.
    • Accurate, species-level identification of streptococci is crucial for controlling nosocomial infections.
    • Emphasis on hand hygiene among healthcare personnel is critical in preventing transmission.