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Endocarditis caused by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
Abstract:
The first two cases of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis in Israel are reported. One involved a 67 year old woman with mitral insufficiency and the other, a 48 year old alcoholic male with bioprosthetic mitral valve. The organism grew in three of seven and seven of fourteen blood culture specimens, taken during the first two or three days of hospitalization respectively. Blood cultures became positive after incubation for seven days. The first patient recovered after therapy with penicillin and an aminoglycoside, and the second one is still being treated. Previously described cases of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis are reviewed.
Insights
The first reported cases of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis in Israel involved two patients with distinct risk factors. Early detection and appropriate antibiotic therapy are crucial for successful treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a rare cause of infective endocarditis.
- This report details the first two cases identified in Israel, highlighting the organism's potential to cause severe cardiac infections.
Observation:
- Two patients presented with endocarditis: a 67-year-old female with mitral insufficiency and a 48-year-old male with a bioprosthetic mitral valve.
- Blood cultures showed positive results for the organism after several days of incubation, indicating a challenging diagnosis.
Findings:
- Successful treatment was achieved in the first patient using penicillin and an aminoglycoside.
- The second patient's treatment is ongoing, underscoring the variable response to therapy.
Implications:
- These cases expand the understanding of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis epidemiology and clinical presentation.
- Highlights the importance of considering this pathogen in endocarditis cases, especially in patients with specific cardiac conditions or risk factors.