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[Dehydration in the aged].

J Bonelli, M Jancuska

    Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
    |November 30, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Elderly dehydration (exsiccosis) diagnosis requires history, physical exam, and lab tests, with low central venous pressure (CVP) being a key indicator. Prevention involves patient education on fluid intake and regular weight monitoring.

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    Area of Science:

    • Geriatrics
    • Internal Medicine
    • Clinical Diagnostics

    Context:

    • Dehydration, or exsiccosis, is a significant concern in the elderly population.
    • Hospitalized elderly patients often present with dehydration, necessitating thorough diagnostic evaluation.

    Purpose:

    • To investigate the etiology, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic outcomes of exsiccosis in elderly patients.
    • To evaluate the development of dehydration through controlled therapy and treatment discontinuation.

    Summary:

    • Diagnosis of senile exsiccosis involves patient history, physical examination, and laboratory analysis, with low central venous pressure (CVP) being highly indicative (100% of patients).
    • Elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (>105 rm3) was observed in 86% of cases. The average fluid deficit was 4.8 +/- 2.81 liters.

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  • Exsiccosis in the elderly stems from reduced fluid intake (relative adipsia, 815 ml/day deficit) and impaired renal concentrating capacity (78.5% failed urine concentration test).

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the importance of CVP and MCV in diagnosing dehydration in older adults.
    • Identifies reduced fluid intake and renal dysfunction as primary causes of dehydration in the elderly.
    • Recommends patient education on fluid intake and regular weight monitoring for prevention of exsiccosis.