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Related Experiment Videos

Schedule-induced behavior in children as a function of interreinforcement interval length.

R G Granger, J H Porter, N L Christoph

    Physiology & Behavior
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Intermittent food reinforcement schedules can induce excessive drinking, movement, and grooming behaviors in children, similar to animal studies. These findings suggest schedule-induced behaviors are generalizable across species.

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    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral Psychology
    • Human Behavior Studies

    Background:

    • Intermittent reinforcement schedules are known to influence behavior.
    • Schedule-induced behaviors have been extensively studied in animal models.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of fixed interval (FI) food reinforcement schedules on specific behaviors in human children.
    • To determine if schedule-induced behaviors observed in animals are also present in humans.

    Main Methods:

    • Two four-year-old twin female children participated in the study.
    • Children were exposed to fixed interval (FI) schedules of 30, 60, 90, and 120 seconds with M&M candy reinforcers.
    • Behaviors including drinking, gross and fine body movements, and grooming were recorded and compared to baseline conditions.

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    Main Results:

    • Both subjects exhibited increased drinking, gross and fine body movements, and grooming under FI schedules compared to baseline.
    • Bitonic functions were observed for drinking, fine body movements, and grooming in Subject J, and for drinking and fine movement in Subject K.
    • These behavioral changes were excessive when compared to established baselines.

    Conclusions:

    • Preliminary results indicate that intermittent food reinforcement schedules can induce specific behaviors in humans.
    • The findings support the species generality of schedule-induced behaviors, extending observations from animal studies to human subjects.