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Vitamin E and necrotizing enterocolitis.

N N Finer, K L Peters, Z Hayek

    Pediatrics
    |March 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Vitamin E supplementation in premature infants was associated with a higher incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), particularly in those weighing less than 1,250 grams. Early mortality was higher in infants not receiving vitamin E.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • Vitamin E is known to reduce severe retrolental fibroplasia sequelae.
    • Recent studies suggest a potential link between vitamin E use and increased necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between vitamin E administration (intramuscular and oral) and the incidence of NEC in low birth weight infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 418 infants with birth weight < 1,500 g over a 4.5-year period.
    • Comparison of NEC incidence between infants who received vitamin E and those who did not.
    • Analysis of early mortality and serum tocopherol levels in relation to NEC.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Infants receiving vitamin E had a significantly higher incidence of NEC (13.4%) compared to controls (5.74%).
    • This association was most pronounced in infants weighing < 1,250 g (16/103 vs. 1/159).
    • Early mortality was significantly higher in infants not receiving vitamin E, likely due to exclusion of critically ill infants from supplementation.

    Conclusions:

    • Vitamin E supplementation may be associated with an increased risk of NEC in very low birth weight infants.
    • The route of administration (intramuscular vs. oral) did not show a difference in NEC incidence.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the complex relationship between vitamin E, NEC, and infant outcomes.