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Plasticity in the central nervous system: do synapses divide?

R K Carlin, P Siekevitz

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study proposes a novel hypothesis for synapse division, detailing a five-step process involving synaptic junction enlargement and perforation. This mechanism may explain neuronal changes during learning and memory.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cell Biology
    • Synaptic Plasticity

    Background:

    • Synapse formation and elimination are crucial for neural development and function.
    • Changes in synapse structure, such as perforations in postsynaptic densities, are observed during periods of increased synapse formation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a hypothesis for synapse division based on observed structural changes.
    • To describe the sequential events involved in the division of preexisting synapses.

    Main Methods:

    • Observational analysis of synaptic structures during periods of increased synapse formation.
    • Formulation of a sequential model for synapse division based on morphological changes.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

  • A five-step model for synapse division is proposed, starting with synaptic junction enlargement and perforation.
  • The model includes the formation of synaptic spinules and eventual splitting of the synaptic junction and dendritic spine.
  • This process results in two separate synaptic junctions within a single terminal and two dendritic spines.

    • Conclusions:

    • Synapse division is hypothesized as a mechanism to accommodate increased synapse formation.
    • This process may play a role in physiological responses such as hormone-induced neuronal changes, reinnervation, learning, and memory.