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Predentin changes in patients with chronic renal failure.

G P Wysocki, T D Daley, R A Ulan

    Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Oral Pathology
    |August 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis patients show significantly thicker predentin in teeth. This suggests predentin thickness may indicate osteomalacia, a condition proposed to be termed odontomalacia.

    Area of Science:

    • Dental morphology
    • Nephrology
    • Bone and mineral metabolism

    Background:

    • Chronic renal failure (CRF) and chronic hemodialysis (CHD) are associated with significant systemic metabolic disturbances.
    • Dental tissues, particularly dentin, can reflect systemic health conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate morphometric changes in human tooth predentin.
    • To compare predentin thickness in healthy individuals versus patients with CRF or undergoing CHD.
    • To explore the potential of predentin as a biomarker for systemic metabolic bone disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Morphometric analysis of extracted human teeth.
    • Comparative study involving normal patients, CRF patients, and CHD patients.

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    Main Results:

    • A significantly thicker predentin layer was observed in teeth from patients with CRF and those undergoing CHD compared to normal controls.
    • Predentin thickness increase is proposed as a potential indicator of osteomalacia.

    Conclusions:

    • Predentin functions metabolically similarly to osteoid in bone.
    • Increased predentin thickness may serve as a reliable indicator of osteomalacia in patients with chronic renal failure.
    • The term 'odontomalacia' is proposed to describe dentin changes in these patients.