The laterally positioned odontogenic keratocyst. A case report

Area of Science:

• Oral pathology
• Odontogenic cysts
• Dermatology

Background:

• Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) and lateral periodontal cysts (LPCs) are distinct entities within odontogenic cyst classification.
• Distinguishing between these cysts is essential for appropriate clinical management and prognosis.
• Lateral periodontal cysts present unique diagnostic challenges, particularly when located adjacent to the periodontium.

Observation:

• A case of an odontogenic keratocyst presenting in a lateral periodontal location is described.
• Histological features of the odontogenic keratocyst were meticulously examined and contrasted with those of a typical lateral periodontal cyst.
• The study highlights the importance of precise histological differentiation to avoid misdiagnosis.

Findings:

• Histological analysis revealed key differences between the odontogenic keratocyst and the lateral periodontal cyst, despite the unusual location of the former.
• The odontogenic keratocyst exhibited characteristic histological markers, emphasizing the need for careful microscopic evaluation.
• The study underscores the potential for odontogenic keratocysts to mimic other cyst types based on location.

Implications:

• Accurate diagnosis of odontogenic keratocysts is paramount due to their high recurrence rate and potential for aggressive behavior.
• Recognition of odontogenic keratocysts is critical for identifying potential associations with systemic conditions, such as the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome).
• This case emphasizes the need for clinicians and pathologists to consider odontogenic keratocysts in the differential diagnosis of periodontal cysts.