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The patas monkey as a model for dihydrostreptomycin ototoxicity
Abstract:
Although the cochlear toxicity of dihydrostreptomycin (DHSM) is well-recognized in man, it has always proved difficult to demonstrate in animals. Hearing thresholds in M. nemestrina monkeys remained essentially unchanged after DHSM 100 mg/kg im daily for 8 months, but E. patas monkeys were severely deafened by DHSM 20 mg/kg for 90 days, a regimen formerly used in treating human tuberculosis. The patas monkey may prove to be the animal model of choice for evaluating aminoglycoside ototoxicity.
Insights
Dihydrostreptomycin (DHSM) causes hearing loss in patas monkeys, unlike M. nemestrina monkeys. This finding highlights the patas monkey as a potential animal model for studying aminoglycoside ototoxicity.
Area of Science:
- Ototoxicology
- Pharmacology
- Primate Models
Background:
- Dihydrostreptomycin (DHSM) is known to cause cochlear toxicity in humans.
- Demonstrating DHSM-induced ototoxicity in animal models has historically been challenging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the ototoxicity of dihydrostreptomycin (DHSM) in different primate species.
- To identify a suitable animal model for evaluating aminoglycoside ototoxicity.
Main Methods:
- Administered DHSM (100 mg/kg daily for 8 months) to M. nemestrina monkeys.
- Administered DHSM (20 mg/kg daily for 90 days) to E. patas monkeys.
- Monitored hearing thresholds in both primate groups.
Main Results:
- M. nemestrina monkeys showed no significant changes in hearing thresholds.
- E. patas monkeys exhibited severe deafness after DHSM treatment.
- The dosage and duration in E. patas monkeys mimicked a human tuberculosis treatment regimen.
Conclusions:
- E. patas monkeys are susceptible to DHSM-induced ototoxicity.
- The patas monkey model may be valuable for assessing aminoglycoside ototoxicity.
- This study provides a potential animal model for understanding drug-induced hearing loss.