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Human pulmonary dirofilariasis.

M F Jagusch, R M Roberts, H H Rea

    The New Zealand Medical Journal
    |August 22, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Dirofilaria immitis, a canine heartworm, can cause rare human lung disease presenting as a solitary nodule. This case is the first documented instance in New Zealand, where the parasite is not established in dogs.

    Area of Science:

    • Parasitology
    • Human Pathology
    • Veterinary Medicine

    Background:

    • Dirofilaria immitis, commonly known as canine heartworm, is a nematode parasite that can infect various mammalian hosts.
    • Human dirofilariasis is an emergent zoonotic disease, typically presenting as a pulmonary coin lesion.
    • The parasite's life cycle involves mosquitoes as vectors and canids as definitive hosts.

    Observation:

    • A solitary, peripheral pulmonary nodule was diagnosed in a human patient.
    • The lesion mimicked a peripheral lung neoplasm, necessitating further investigation.
    • This case represents the first documented human infection with Dirofilaria immitis in New Zealand.

    Findings:

    • Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of Dirofilaria immitis in the lung tissue.

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  • The diagnosis was made in a region where canine dirofilariasis is not endemic.
  • Epidemiological data and clinical presentation were consistent with human dirofilariasis.

    • Implications:

    • Highlights the potential for Dirofilaria immitis to cause human lung disease even in non-endemic areas.
    • Emphasizes the importance of considering zoonotic parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.
    • Underscores the need for continued surveillance and awareness of Dirofilaria immitis in both animal and human populations globally.