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Viscometric methods for assessing red cell deformability and fragmentation.

L Berga, J Dolz, J L Vives-Corrons

    Biorheology. Supplement : the Official Journal of the International Society of Biorheology
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
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    This study introduces three viscometric methods to measure red blood cell (RBC) deformability and fragmentation. These techniques offer new diagnostic tools for RBC abnormalities.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Biophysics
    • Rheology

    Background:

    • Erythrocyte deformability is crucial for red blood cell lifespan.
    • Deformability is influenced by cell shape, internal viscosity, and membrane mechanics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present three novel viscometric methods for assessing red blood cell (RBC) deformability and fragmentation.
    • To establish new rheological parameters for diagnostic applications in RBC disorders.

    Main Methods:

    • Cone-plate viscometry of plasma and whole blood to determine internal viscosity via a mathematical model.
    • High shear rate viscometry of packed red cells to obtain mechanical fragmentation curves and determine rupture stress.
    • Whole blood viscometry with continuous temperature increase (37-57°C) to generate thermic curves and assess heat effects on RBC membranes.

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    Main Results:

    • Internal viscosity, rupture stress, and thermic curves were successfully determined using the described methods.
    • Thermic curves revealed viscosity changes around 48°C, linked to heat-induced alterations in the RBC membrane.
    • The developed parameters quantify RBC deformability and fragmentation.

    Conclusions:

    • The three viscometric methods provide robust assessments of erythrocyte deformability and fragmentation.
    • These methods, yielding parameters like internal viscosity, rupture stress, and thermic curves, can serve as valuable diagnostic tools for diseases characterized by RBC abnormalities.