Prostaglandin production in patients with pulmonary embolism

Release of prostaglandins (PG's) after experimental pulmonary embolism has been reported. Therefore, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) were determined in venous plasma of 21 patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Venous plasma levels were followed up for one week after admission. Arterial and mixed-venous PG levels were additionally determined in 6 patients with acute pulmonary embolism prior to pulmonary angiography. Venous levels were substantially elevated (PGE2 16-1300, PGF2 alpha 48-592, TXB2 1-247, 6-ketoPGF1 alpha 1-248 pg/ml), differing significantly from normal controls (p less than 0.001). PG's remained elevated throughout the 7-day postadmission study period. No significant arterial-venous PG differences were detected, though 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2 levels were somewhat higher in arterial blood. There was no correlation between clinical data (blood pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, etc.) and PG levels. These data suggest that elevated prostaglandin levels are probably not, or only in part, responsible for the cardiopulmonary changes that occur in patients with acute pulmonary embolism.