Behavior of vanadate and vanadyl ion in canine blood

Radiolabeled vanadium as either vanadyl ion or vanadate ion was injected intravenously into adult beagle dogs, and blood samples were collected at various times up to 48 hr post injection. For each sample, the distribution of vanadium between the cells and the plasma was determined, and the plasma was analyzed by electrophoresis to identify specific vanadium-binding proteins. Initially, vanadyl ion left the bloodstream more rapidly than vanadate, but the rates equalized after about 5 hr. A significant fraction of the vanadium in blood was associated with the cellular component following injection of both forms of vanadium. About 77% of the plasma vanadium was eventually bound by the serum iron transport protein transferrin, regardless of the vanadium species initially injected. For both vanadyl and vanadate, about 30 hr were required to reach the maximum degree of transferrin binding.