Hyperprolactinemia and pregnancy. Clinical series

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Endocrinology
• Neuroendocrinology
• Gynecology

Background:

• Hyperprolactinemia is a common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive function.
• It is often associated with menstrual irregularities and infertility.
• Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas are a frequent cause of hyperprolactinemia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the outcomes of pregnancy in patients with hyperprolactinemia.
• To assess the safety and efficacy of bromocriptine treatment during pregnancy management.
• To investigate the course of pregnancies and the health of newborns in this cohort.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective case series of 11 patients with hyperprolactinemia.
• Treatment with bromocriptine for hyperprolactinemia and menstrual irregularities.
• Monitoring of pregnancies after discontinuation of bromocriptine upon detection.
• Assessment of pregnancy outcomes, including delivery type, complications, and neonatal health.

Main Results:

• Fifteen pregnancies were reported in 11 patients with hyperprolactinemia.
• Bromocriptine was the primary treatment, with discontinuation upon pregnancy confirmation.
• 13 out of 15 pregnancies resulted in term deliveries; 1 pregnancy resulted in spontaneous delivery at 37 weeks, and 1 in abortion at 12 weeks.
• No malformations were observed in the 15 newborns; 7 were small for gestational age (SGA) and 8 were appropriate for gestational age (AGA).
• No signs of tumor growth were detected in 6 patients with pituitary adenomas.

Conclusions:

• Bromocriptine is effective in managing hyperprolactinemia and facilitating successful pregnancies.
• Pregnancies in women with hyperprolactinemia, when managed appropriately, generally have favorable outcomes.
• Continued monitoring for pituitary adenoma is essential, but these tumors appear stable during pregnancy after bromocriptine treatment cessation.