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Hexavalent chromium-resistant bacteria isolated from river sediments.

G W Luli, J W Talnagi, W R Strohl

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |October 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers isolated chromium (VI)-resistant bacteria from contaminated river sediments using direct plating and continuous culture enrichment. Many isolates demonstrated resistance to high levels of hexavalent chromium, indicating bacterial adaptation to metal pollution.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental microbiology
    • Toxicology
    • Bioremediation

    Background:

    • Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a known carcinogen and mutagen, but its toxicity mechanisms remain unclear.
    • Metal-contaminated river sediments serve as a potential reservoir for microorganisms adapted to toxic environments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize Cr(VI)-resistant bacteria from metal-contaminated river sediments.
    • To assess the prevalence and resistance levels of bacteria exposed to varying concentrations of Cr(VI) and Cr(III).

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of bacteria using direct plating on media with 0-100 µg Cr(VI)/mL.
    • Continuous culture enrichment techniques with 100 µg Cr(VI)/mL at dilution rates of 0.02 and 0.10 h⁻¹.
    • Determination of resistance to Cr(VI) and Cr(III) using plating on media with varying metal concentrations.

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    Main Results:

    • Significant populations of Cr(VI)-resistant bacteria were recovered from contaminated sediments.
    • Direct plating yielded 47% resistance to 100 µg Cr(VI)/mL and 29% to 250 µg Cr(VI)/mL.
    • A high percentage (88%) of isolates were resistant to 100 µg Cr(III)/mL, but only 2% to 250 µg Cr(III)/mL.

    Conclusions:

    • River sediments contaminated with hexavalent chromium harbor a substantial population of resistant bacteria.
    • Bacterial resistance varies significantly between Cr(VI) and Cr(III), suggesting specific adaptation mechanisms.
    • The findings support the potential for bioremediation strategies using indigenous microbial communities in metal-polluted environments.