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The use of antibiotics in upper respiratory tract infection
Abstract:
The current literature is surveyed for evidence on which to base policies for prescribing antibiotics in upper respiratory tract infections. Moderation is recommended in the prescribing of antibiotics for sore throat in adults. Antibiotic treatment of otitis media and sinusitis is appropriate only when severe infection is likely. It is concluded that there is a need for further controlled trials in Australian general practice to provide data on streptococcal disease in children, to determine carrier rates and when to treat.
Insights
Antibiotic prescribing for adult sore throat should be moderate. Antibiotics for ear infections and sinusitis are only advised for severe cases, with more research needed in Australian children.
Area of Science:
- General Practice
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are common causes of antibiotic prescriptions.
- Evidence-based guidelines are needed to optimize antibiotic use in URTIs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To survey the literature for evidence guiding antibiotic prescribing policies in URTIs.
- To inform clinical practice regarding antibiotic use for common URTI symptoms.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on antibiotic efficacy and resistance in URTIs.
- Analysis of current prescribing patterns and their impact.
Main Results:
- Moderation in antibiotic prescribing for adult sore throat is recommended.
- Antibiotic treatment for otitis media and sinusitis is appropriate only in cases of likely severe infection.
Conclusions:
- Further controlled trials are necessary in Australian general practice.
- Research should focus on streptococcal disease in children, carrier rates, and treatment indications.